{"id":"CVE-2023-25656","aliases":["GHSA-87x9-7grx-m28v","GO-2023-1589"],"url":"https://o3.security/vulnerability/CVE-2023-25656","summary":"notation-go has excessive memory allocation on verification","details":"notation-go is a collection of libraries for supporting Notation sign, verify, push, and pull of oci artifacts. Prior to version 1.0.0-rc.3, notation-go users will find their application using excessive memory when verifying signatures. The application will be killed, and thus availability is impacted. The problem has been patched in the release v1.0.0-rc.3. Some workarounds are available. Users can review their own trust policy file and check if the identity string contains `=#`. Meanwhile, users should only put trusted certificates in their trust stores referenced by their own trust policy files, and make sure the `authenticity` validation is set to `enforce`.","published":"2023-02-20T00:00:00Z","modified":"2026-08-12T03:51:11.391361907Z","cvss":{"score":7.5,"severity":"HIGH","vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H"},"epss":null,"cisaKev":null,"exploitsKnown":0,"affectedPackages":[{"ecosystem":"Go","name":"github.com/notaryproject/notation-go","fixedVersion":"1.0.0-rc.3"}],"fix":null,"references":[{"type":"WEB","url":"https://github.com/notaryproject/notation-go/releases/tag/v1.0.0-rc.3"},{"type":"ADVISORY","url":"https://github.com/CVEProject/cvelistV5/tree/main/cves/2023/25xxx/CVE-2023-25656.json"},{"type":"ADVISORY","url":"https://github.com/notaryproject/notation-go/security/advisories/GHSA-87x9-7grx-m28v"},{"type":"ADVISORY","url":"https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-25656"}],"provenance":{"sources":["OSV.dev","FIRST.org (EPSS)"],"lastVerified":"2026-08-12T03:51:11.391361907Z"}}