{"id":"CVE-2016-4003","aliases":["GHSA-m3x6-9v6h-4g28"],"url":"https://o3.security/vulnerability/CVE-2016-4003","summary":"Cross-site Scripting in Apache Struts","details":"Cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability in the URLDecoder function in JRE before 1.8, as used in Apache Struts 2.x before 2.3.28, when using a single byte page encoding, allows remote attackers to inject arbitrary web script or HTML via multi-byte characters in a url-encoded parameter.","published":"2016-04-12T16:59:04.313Z","modified":"2026-07-08T12:43:59.971952Z","cvss":{"score":6.1,"severity":"MEDIUM","vector":"CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N"},"epss":null,"cisaKev":null,"exploitsKnown":0,"affectedPackages":[{"ecosystem":"Maven","name":"org.apache.struts:struts2-core","fixedVersion":"2.3.28"}],"fix":null,"references":[{"type":"ADVISORY","url":"http://struts.apache.org/docs/s2-028.html"},{"type":"ADVISORY","url":"http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/86311"},{"type":"ADVISORY","url":"http://www.securitytracker.com/id/1035268"},{"type":"ADVISORY","url":"https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/WW-4507"}],"provenance":{"sources":["OSV.dev","FIRST.org (EPSS)"],"lastVerified":"2026-07-08T12:43:59.971952Z"}}